Method and apparatus for optimizing dynamic range in DMT modems

ABSTRACT

A digital subscriber line ‘XDSL’ communication system for optimizing dynamic range in digital multi-tone modulated (DMT) modems. The system comprises a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) and at least one modem. The DSLAM distributes a near end crosstalk (NEXT) model of anticipated disturbance from neighboring disturber subscriber lines. The at least one modem has shared and discrete components forming a transmit path and a receive path. The at least one modem couples to the DSLAM and is responsive to the distributed NEXT model there from to adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of the receive path to accommodate the anticipated disturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of prior filed co-pendingProvisional Applications No. 61/173,195 filed on Apr. 27, 2009 entitled“Optimization of Dynamic Range for SOS and Virtual Noise” which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety as if fully set forthherein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

This invention relates generally to communications, and moreparticularly, to a method and apparatus for multi-line digitalsubscriber line communications. The invention allows the modems todetermine an optimal dynamic range setting of the analog front-end, evenin a time-variant noise environment.

2. Description of the Related Art

Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) technology and improvements thereonincluding: G.Lite, ADSL, VDSL, HDSL all of which are broadly identifiedas X-DSL have been developed to increase the effective bandwidth ofexisting subscriber line connections, without requiring the installationof new fiber optic cable. An X-DSL modem operates at frequencies higherthan the voice band frequencies, thus an X-DSL modem may operatesimultaneously with a voice band modem or a telephone conversation.Currently there are over ten discrete X-DSL standards, including:G.Lite, ADSL, VDSL, SDSL, MDSL, RADSL, HDSL, etc. Among these, ADSL andVDSL variants have been most widely deployed. These particular X-DSLtechnologies have all been implemented with a multi-tone (DMT) linecode, or modulation protocol.

The primary factor limiting the bandwidth or channel capacity of any ofthe above discussed X-DSL protocols is noise, whether that noise be fromecho, channel cross talk, impulse or background sources. Efforts aremade throughout the DSL architecture to minimize noise.

For voice applications a certain amount of echo was considered apositive feedback for telephone conversations until the longer delaysintroduced by satellite links permeated the system. For a DSL systemecho effects signal integrity and introduces unacceptable errors in datatransmissions. An echo canceller synthesizers the echo path includingthe digital analog converter, the transmit filter, the hybrid circuit,the receiver filter, in the analog-to-digital converter. An echocanceller can produce an echo replica with the same transmitting databut with reverse signed to cancel the real echo on the receive path.

The topology of subscriber lines themselves may be used to minimizecross-talk between subscriber lines. Typically, telephone subscriberloops are organized in a binder with 10, 25, or 50 pairs each sharing acommon physical or electrical shield in a cable. Due to capacitance andinductive coupling there's cross-talk between each twisted pair eventhough the pairs are well insulated for DC. The effective cross-talk isreduced by adapting different twist distances among different pairs inthe binder group. Binder groups are also twisted such that no two groupsare adjacent for long runs.

The hybrid circuit which couples the modem to the subscriber line isalso designed with noise reduction in mind. The hybrid is basically abridge circuit which allows bi-directional communication on thesubscriber line. When the bridge is balanced the spillover of noise fromthe modem's transmitted signal to the received signal is reduced.Balancing however requires an impedance match with the telephonesubscriber loop which is never fully satisfied because the inputimpedance of the telephone loop varies from one loop to the next due totaps and temperature variations in the individual subscriber lines.

Cross-talk noise comes from a adjacent telephone subscriber loops of thesame or different types of transmission systems. Cross-talk is dividedinto what is known as near end cross talk (NEXT) and far end cross-talk(FEXT) depending on where the cross-talk is generated. NEXT is definedas cross-talk between subscriber lines in a binder coupled on one endwith a common transceiver. FEXT is defined as a cross-talk affectbetween a receiving path and a transmitting path of the DSL transceiverson opposite ends of two to different subscriber loops within the sametwisted pair cable or binder. The FEXT noise at the receiver front endof a particular DSL transceiver is caused by signals transmitted byother transceivers at the opposite end of the twisted cable.

What is needed is modem with improved capabilities for communications inthe presence of crosstalk.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention advantageously provides a method and apparatus foroptimizing dynamic range in digital multi-tone modulated (DMT) modems.

In an embodiment of the invention a digital subscriber line ‘XDSL’communication system for provisioning multi-tone modulatedcommunications over a subscriber line is disclosed. The system comprisesa digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) and at least onemodem. The DSLAM distributes a near end crosstalk (NEXT) model ofanticipated disturbance from neighboring disturber subscriber lines. Theat least one modem has shared and discrete components forming a transmitpath and a receive path. The at least one modem couples to the DSLAM andis responsive to the distributed NEXT model there from to adjust adynamic range of an analog portion of the receive path to accommodatethe anticipated disturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model,whereby the adjusted range is large enough to substantially avoidclipping of a received signal and at the same time not so large as toresult in significant excess dynamic range.

In another embodiment of the invention a XDSL modem for provisioningXDSL multi-tone modulated communications over a subscriber line isdisclosed. The modem comprises: a plurality of shared and discretecomponents forming a transmit path and a receive path for modulating anddemodulating an XDSL communication channel. The modem further comprisesa near end crosstalk (NEXT) model of anticipated disturbance fromneighboring disturber subscriber lines and a range optimizer componentcoupled to the receive path, and responsive to the NEXT model to adjusta dynamic range of an analog portion of the receive path to accommodatethe anticipated disturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model,whereby the adjusted range is large enough to substantially avoidclipping of a received signal and at the same time not so large as toresult in significant excess dynamic range. Associated method and meansare also disclosed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features and advantages of the present invention willbecome more apparent to those skilled in the art from the followingdetailed description in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a communication system with a pair of multi-modemulti-channel modem line cards coupled to one another by a binder ofsubscriber lines between a public switched telephone network (PSTN)central office (CO) and remote sites.

FIG. 2A is a hardware block diagram of an opposing sets of transceiver scoupled to one another by corresponding subscriber lines within abundle.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the subscriber lines in the bundleshown in FIG. 2A.

FIG. 3 is a signal diagram of the relative power of transmit and receivesignals at the central office (CO) and customer premises equipment (CPE)and the coupling between subscriber lines via crosstalk.

FIG. 4 is a hardware block diagram showing an embodiment of atransceiver of the current invention mounted on a line card in thecentral office shown in FIG. 1.

FIGS. 5A-5C and 5D-5F are frequency and time domain signal diagramsrespectively of neighbor NEXT as it effects the receive path of a modem.

FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of the processes associated withdynamic range optimization in accordance with the current invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

A method and apparatus is disclosed for optimizing the dynamic range ofmodems. The modems, a.k.a. line cards may be found in a central office,remote access terminal, business or home. The line cards supportcommunication channels with differing degrees of robustness formulti-tone protocols including: asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL); very high bit rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) and otherorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) band plans includingbut not limited to the following:

TABLE 1 Standard name Common name Downstream rate Upstream rate ANSIT1.413- ADSL 8 Mbit/s 1.0 Mbit/s 1998 Issue 2 ITU G.992.1 ADSL (G.DMT) 8Mbit/s 1.0 Mbit/s ITU G.992.1 ADSL over POTS 8 Mbit/s 1.0 MBit/s Annex AITU G.992.1 ADSL over ISDN 8 Mbit/s 1.0 MBit/s Annex B ITU G.992.2 ADSLLite (G.Lite) 1.5 Mbit/s 0.5 Mbit/s ITU G.992.3/4 ADSL2 12 Mbit/s 1.0Mbit/s ITU G.992.3/4 ADSL2 12 Mbit/s 3.5 Mbit/s Annex J ITU G.992.3/4RE-ADSL2 5 Mbit/s 0.8 Mbit/s Annex L ITU G.992.5 ADSL2+ 24 Mbit/s 1.0Mbit/s ITU G.992.5 RE-ADSL2+ 24 Mbit/s 1.0 Mbit/s Annex L^([1]) ITUG.992.5 ADSL2 + M 24 Mbit/s 3.5 Mbit/s Annex M ITU G.993.1 VDSL ITUG.993.2 VDSL 2

FIG. 1 shows a communication system with a pair of multi-modemulti-channel modem line cards coupled to one another by a binder ofsubscriber lines between a public switched telephone network (PSTN)central office (CO) and a remote site. The system includes a CO 100 anda remote transceivers 156, 158, 160. The CO and remote line card arecoupled to one another via a subscriber line binder 170 which includesindividual subscriber lines 172, 174, 176.

Each of the subscriber line connections terminates on the CO end, in theframe room 102 of the CO. From this room connections are made for eachsubscriber line via splitters and hybrids to both a DSLAM 104 and to thevoice band racks 106. The splitter shunts voice band communications todedicated line cards, e.g. line card 112 or to a voice band modem pool(not shown). The splitter shunts higher frequency X-DSL communicationson the subscriber line to a selected line card, e.g. line card 120,within DSLAM 104. The line cards of the current invention are universal,meaning they can handle any current or evolving standard of X-DSL andmay be upgraded on the fly to handle new standards.

Voice band call set up is controlled by a Telco switch matrix 114 suchas SS7. This makes point-to-point connections to other subscribers forvoice band communications across the public switched telephone network132. The X-DSL communications may be processed by a universal line cardsuch as line card 120. That line card includes a plurality of AFE's 134each capable of supporting a plurality of subscriber lines. The AFEs arecoupled via a packet based bus 132 to the DSP 122. For downstreamcommunications from the CO to the remote site, the DSP modulates thedata for each communication channel, the AFE transforms the digitalsymbol packets assembled by the DSP and converts them to an analogsignal which is output on the subscriber line associated with therespective channel. For upstream communications from the remote site tothe CO the AFE each received channel is converted to a digitized datasample which is sent to the DSP. The DSP is capable of multi-protocolsupport for all subscriber lines to which the AFE's are coupled.Communications between AFE's, and DSP(s) may be packet based. The DSP122 is shown with transmit path components 124 and receive pathcomponents 130. The line card 120 is coupled to a back-plane bus 116which may be capable of offloading and transporting low latency X-DSLtraffic between other DSPs for load balancing. The back-plane bus of theDSLAM also couples each line card to the Internet 130 via server 108.Each of the DSLAM line cards operates under the control of a DSLAMcontroller 110 which handles global provisioning, e.g. allocation ofsubscriber lines to AFE and DSP resources. The various components on theline card form a plurality of logical modems, a.k.a. transceivers, eachhandling upstream and downstream communications across correspondingsubscriber lines. When an X-DSL communication is established on asubscriber line, a specific channel identifier is allocated to thatcommunication. That identifier is used in the above mentioned packetbased embodiment to track each packet as it moves in an upstream ordownstream direction between the AFE and DSP.

The termination at the remote site may be either a physical or logicalmodem, a.k.a. transceiver.

Two forms of crosstalk are shown. FEXT occurs as a result oftransmissions to the remotes on subscriber lines 172 and 176 leakinginto transmissions 194 from the CO on subscriber line 174. This leakageis represented by arrows 182,186 from subscriber lines 172, 176respectively into the channel 194 received at modem 158. Near endcross-talk (NEXT) results from transmissions from the CO leaking overinto reception at that same location. This leakage is represented byarrows 192,196 from disturber subscriber lines 172, 176 respectivelyinto the channel 194 received at the CO on the victim subscriber line174. Self-NEXT, a.k.a. echo, occurs on every subscriber line includingline 174.

FIG. 2A is a hardware block diagram of an opposing sets of transceiverscoupled to one another by corresponding subscriber lines within a bundle200. Within one of the opposing sets, transceivers 220-222 arereferenced. Within another of the opposing sets transceiver s 226,228are referenced. Within the bundle which may include 60 or moresubscriber lines, lines 202-212 are referenced.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the subscriber lines in the bundleshown in FIG. 2A. Subscriber lines 202-212 are referenced. Any digitalcommunication experiences signal interference, and communicationprotocols which support multiple sub-channels such as DMT are noexception. Interference can affect both the amplitude and the phase ofthe sub-channels. Such noise can arise across the time and/or frequencydomains. Each of the subscriber lines in a bundle shields or interfereswith other lines in the bundle in varying amounts across the time and/orfrequency domains. In prior art systems this aggregate behavior iscrudely addressed by the requirement of a corresponding fixed PSD maskon any of the subscriber lines which implement multi-tone modulation.All subscriber lines blast out sub-carrier signals at levels up to butnot in excess of the corresponding PSD mask regardless of thebit-loading on even the presence of any actual data modulated on anyparticular carrier.

The hybrid front end allows both the transmit and receive paths tocouple to the same subscriber line and to provide duplex orbi-directional communications thereon. This capability comes at a price,specifically signal loss. Depending on the impedance balance the hybridcircuit of prior art modem design may result in significant leakage fromthe transmit path to the receive path limiting the data rate of thesystem.

FIG. 3 is a signal diagram of the relative power of transmit and receivesignals at the central office (CO) and customer premises equipment (CPE)and the coupling between subscriber lines via crosstalk. The relativepower at opposing modems on the CO and CPE are shown for two subscriberlines. The frequency division multiplexed (FDMA) band plans for upstreamand downstream channels correspond to a VDSL band plan. Self-NEXT,a.k.a. echo, and neighbor NEXT are shown. Neighboring NEXT contributessubstantial amounts of power to the receive path of the victim modem onLine 1.

FIG. 4 is a hardware block diagram showing an XDSL transceiver 400incorporating components for dynamic range optimization of the receivepath. The transceiver includes a plurality of shared and or discretecomponents coupled to one another to form a transmit path 410, a receivepath 460, a local range optimization module 440 and a hybrid front end(HFE) 454 which couples the transmit and receive paths of thetransceiver to subscriber line 456.

The receive path 460 in this embodiment of the invention includes:analog filter 462, analog gain control (AGC) 464, analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC) 466, digital filter 468, decimator 470, cyclic prefixremover 472, discrete Fourier transform engine (DFT) 474, frequencydomain equalizer 476, decoder 478, tone re-orderer 480 and deframer 482.In operation received data of each communication channel is subject toanalog filtration and amplification. The received data is then digitizedin the ADC followed by digital filtration, if any. Next received data issubject to any required decimation in the decimator. Next the cyclicprefix or suffix of each data symbol is removed. Each symbol of data isthen transformed from the time to the frequency domain in the DFT andsubject to equalization in the frequency domain. Each symbol of data isthen decoded in decoder and serialized in the tone re-orderer. Thedemodulated data is then de-framed in the de-framer and transferred tothe ATM, Ethernet or other network to which the transceiver is coupled.

The transmit path 410 includes: framer 412, tone orderer 414, encoder416, frequency to domain equalizer 418, inverse discrete Fouriertransform engine (IDFT) 420, cyclic prefix wrapper 422, interpolator424, digital filter 426, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 428, linedriver 430 and filter 432. In operation transmitted data of eachcommunication channel is framed in the framer, loaded bit by bit intocorresponding tone bins by the tone-orderer, converted to a complexnumber representation of the corresponding point in the symbolconstellation and subject to frequency domain equalization. Then eachset of resultant tones, a.k.a. a symbol, is transformed from thefrequency domain to the time domain in the IDFT. Subsequently anyrequired cyclic suffix or prefix is added and the resultant data in thetime domain is subject to interpolation in interpolator. After filteringin the digital filter the interpolated data is passed to the DAC. TheDAC converts the digitized data of each communication channel tocorresponding analog signals. These analog signals are amplified by theline driver. The amplified output of the line driver is passed to analogfilter and then via HFE 454 to subscriber line 456.

In an embodiment of the invention the transceiver also includes a rangeoptimizer 440. This module handles the adjustment of the dynamic rangeof the receive path to accommodate an anticipated increase in receivedsignal levels resulting from NEXT disturbers.

The range optimizer in an embodiment of the invention includes:controller and calculator 444, storage 446, neighbor NEXT injector 450and summer 452. In an embodiment of the invention storage 448 includes amodel of the modem's transmit and receive path components. The rangeoptimizer is coupled to one or more components on the receive pathincluding the AGC 464.

The range optimizer receives the NEXT_(transferred) from a DSLAM orother control entity. In an embodiment of the invention the rangeoptimizer utilizes direct injection of the NEXT_(transferred) into thereceive path to initiate determination of the optimal dynamic range forthe receive path. The controller and calculator 444 of the rangeoptimizer configures the neighbor NEXT injector 450 to inject a signalcorresponding to the NEXT_(transferred) disturber profile shown in FIG.5B into the receive path of the modem via the summer 452.

In another embodiment of the invention dynamic range optimization isachieved via a calculation of receive path response to the anticipatedpower increase of the receive signal resulting from the transferredNEXT. The controller and calculator of the range optimizer scales thedistributed NEXT_(transferred) disturber profile from the DSLAM toreflect the anticipated spectral shaping brought about by the subjectmodem's own receive path components. These calculations utilize thereceive path hardware model 448 in the storage 446 to which the rangeoptimizer is coupled. The modem determines the increase in power in thereceived analog signal in the time domain resulting from the shapednext. Next the subject modem calculates the required gain level for theanalog gain control (AGC) to avoid clipping of the received signal mixedwith the added power resulting from the anticipated NEXT disturbers.This calculation is performed using the modems own receive path hardwaremodel 448 and the NEXT_(transferred) disturber model received from theDSLAM.

Next the range optimizer sets the gain level of the AGC to narrowlyavoid clipping. Continued analysis of the training signal is made so asto determine whether clipping of the received signal is still takingplace. If it is the process may be repeated with new AGC level settings.After the optimal AGC level has been set the remaining processes of thetraining phase are completed, including the determination of optimalbitloading levels on each of the DMT tones. After training is completethe modem enters showtime phase of operation in which the establishedcommunication channels are used to transport user data.

The hardware blocks shown in this and the following figures may bealternately implemented in software or firmware. The transmit andreceive path described above and the scalable components thereof may beapplied with equal advantage in embodiments of the invention where aplurality of XDSL channels are multiplexed on the transmit and receivepath of the transceiver. The transmit and receive path components may becoupled to one another either by packet based transfer of successivepacketized portions of a communication channel or by dedicatedpoint-to-point coupling between components. In still another embodimentof the invention the pseudo link management processes may be implementedon card in pseudo link management unit, 138 (See FIG. 1).

The components shown in FIG. 4 collectively comprise a physicaltransceiver. In alternate embodiments of the invention the functionsperformed by the components may be implemented on a logical transceiverimplemented on a combined digital signal processor (DSP) and analogfront end (AFE) such as that shown on the line card 134 in FIG. 1.

FIGS. 5A-5C and 5D-5F are frequency and time domain signal diagramsrespectively of neighbor NEXT as it effects the receive path of a modem.

FIG. 5A is a signal diagram of power level vs. frequency resulting fromthe raw aggregate power spectral density (PSD) of all disturbers in abundled line. The PSD profiles are of two types. The first type of PSDprofiles, NEXT_(raw), are labeled 520, 522 and correspond to the PSDprofiles associated with the transmit portion of the disturbersfrequency division multiplexed band plan. These aggregate PSD profilesresult in what is identified as neighbor near end crosstalk (NEXT) onthe receive path of a given victim line. The second type of PSD profilesare labeled 500, 502 and correspond to the PSD profiles associated withthe receive portion of the disturbers frequency division multiplexedband plan. These aggregate PSD profiles result in what is identified asneighbor far end crosstalk (FEXT) on the receive path of the givenvictim line. In an embodiment of the invention the raw aggregate PSDprofiles are determined by the digital subscriber line accessmultiplexer (DSLAM).

FIG. 5B is a signal diagram of noise level vs. frequency resulting fromscaling of the NEXT_(raw) PSD profiles by a NEXT transfer function.NEXT_(transferred) disturber PSD profiles 524 and 526 are shown. Thefollowing Equation 1 shows such a NEXT transfer function:

|H _(NEXT)(f)|² =K _(NEXT) ×f ^(3/2)  Equation 1

where “f” is frequency and “K” is a constant. The NEXT transfer functionmodels the amount of coupling of the NEXT_(raw) aggregate disturber PSDonto the transmit path of the victim modem. The anticipated NEXT noiseon the victim modem's receive path resulting from the NEXT_(raw)aggregate disturber transmit PSD is shown in FIG. 5B and calculated asshown in the following Equation 2:

NEXT_(TransferredNoise) =|H _(NEXT)(f)|²×NEXT_(RAW)  Equation 2

where the raw aggregate NEXT disturber profile is multiplied by theabsolute value of the square of the NEXT transfer function.

FIG. 5C shows the NEXT_(transferred) of FIG. 5B after shaping by thevictim modem, to reflect the specifics spectral responsiveness of thatmodem's receive path components. NEXT disturber PSD profiles 534 and 536are shown after such shaping to reflect receive path characteristics.

FIGS. 5D-5F are time domain signal diagrams showing the anticipatedeffects of the aggregate NEXT disturbances on the receive path of thevictim modem.

FIG. 5D shows the received multi-tone modulated signal 550 in the timedomain and without neighboring NEXT. The range 556 of that signalextends between an upper bound 554 and a lower bound 552, which are setto avoid clipping.

FIG. 5E shows the anticipated increase in amplitude of the receivedsignal 560 resulting from the added power from the aggregate NEXTdisturbers. Range 566 and upper and lower bounds 564 and 562 correspondto the range set in FIG. 5D with one important difference. Absent anyadjustment to the range of the receive path signal processing, aconsiderable portion of the received signal will be corrupted due to theclipping resulting from the increased amplitude of the received signalresulting from the anticipated aggregate NEXT disturbers. The followingEquation 3 shows how such anticipated power increase delta is calculatedfrom the disturber model provided by the DSLAM.

Δ=Σ_(Ω)NEXT_(Shaped)(f)df  Equation 3

Δ is the power that gets added to the time domain signal, resulting inan increase in amplitude. Ω is the out of band, i.e. transmitfrequencies comprising the aggregate NEXT disturbers.

FIG. 5F shows the dynamic range of the receive path of the victim modemin accordance with the current invention. Specifically the range isexpanded to allow processing of the received signal 570 with theadditional power resulting from the anticipated NEXT to disturbances.Upper and lower signal processing boundaries 574 and 572 are expanded toallow a broader range 576 of signals to be processed without clipping.The expanded range is referred to as “optimized” because it is justlarge enough to accommodate the anticipated NEXT and no larger. If itwere larger the receive path processing would be degraded due to anincrease in quantization noise in the ADC.

FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of the processes associated withdynamic range optimization in accordance with the current invention.After startup 600 in which the modem is initialized control passes toprocess 602. In process 602 the DSLAM calculates or obtains a raw NEXTdisturber profile shown in FIG. 5A. In an embodiment of the inventionthe DSLAM uses a transfer function to transforms the raw NEXT disturberprofile into the transfer NEXT disturber profile shown in FIG. 5B. Thistransfer profile reflects the degree of coupling between victim anddisturber lines. In an alternate embodiment of the invention thistransformation can be calculated by the modem's range optimizer, asdiscussed above in connection with FIG. 4, ref. 440.

Control is then passed to process 604 in which the raw or transformedNEXT disturber profile is passed to one or more modems by the DSLAM.Next in process 610 the subject modem initiates the training phase ofits operation in which channel parameters are established with theremote modem, and at the conclusion of which actual communicationschannels are established. During training, a determination is made indecision process 620 as to which dynamic range optimization method willbe executed.

If optimization via direct injection is enabled then control passed toprocess 630. In process 630 the range optimizer 440 configures theNeighbor NEXT injector 450 to inject a signal corresponding to the NEXTdisturber profile shown in FIG. 5B into the receive path of the modem,as discussed above in connection with FIG. 4. Control then passes toprocess 640.

If alternately, a determination is made in decision process 620 thatdynamic range adjustment via calculation is enabled then control passesto process 622. In process 622 the modem's dynamic range optimizerscales the distributed NEXT disturber profile from the DSLAM to reflectthe anticipated spectral shaping brought about by the subject modem'sown receive path components. Then in process 624 the modem determinesthe increase in power in the received analog signal in the time domainresulting from the shaped next calculated in the prior step. In thefollowing step 626 the subject modem calculates the required gain levelfor the analog gain control (AGC) to avoid clipping of the receivedsignal mixed with the added power resulting from the anticipated NEXTdisturbers. This calculation is performed using the modems own receivepath hardware model and the NEXT disturber model received from theDSLAM.

Next control is passed to process 640 in which the gain level of the AGCis set to avoid clipping. Then in decision process 642 a determinationis made as to whether clipping of the received signal is still takingplace. If it is, control returns to decision process 620. If no clippingis taking place, then control passes to process 644 in which thebitloading of each tone is set. Then in process 646 the modem entersshowtime phase of operation in which the communication channelsestablished on the subscriber line are used for the transport of userdata, e.g. Video, Audio, or files.

The foregoing description of a preferred embodiment of the invention hasbeen presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is notintended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise formsdisclosed. Obviously many modifications and variations will be apparentto practitioners skilled in this art. It is intended that the scope ofthe invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

1. A digital subscriber line ‘XDSL’ communication system forprovisioning multi-tone modulated communications over a subscriber line,and the communication system comprising: a digital subscriber lineaccess multiplexer (DSLAM) for distributing a near end crosstalk (NEXT)model of anticipated disturbance from neighboring disturber subscriberlines; and at least one modem having shared and discrete componentsforming a transmit path and a receive path and the at least one modemcoupled to the DSLAM and responsive to the distributed NEXT model therefrom to adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of the receive pathto accommodate the anticipated disturbance modeled in the distributedNEXT model, whereby the adjusted range is large enough to substantiallyavoid clipping of a received signal and at the same time not so large asto result in significant excess dynamic range.
 2. The XDSL communicationsystem of claim 1, wherein the receive path components of the at leastone modem further comprises: an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) withan output coupled to remaining components of the receive path, and aninput, and the ADC digitizing a received analog signal; and an analoggain control (AGC) with an input coupled to the received signal and anoutput coupled to the input of the ADC, and a level of the AGC utilizedto adjust the dynamic range of the analog portion of the receive path.3. The XDSL communication system of claim 1, wherein the at least onemodem further comprises: an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) receivepath component with an output coupled to remaining components of thereceive path, and an input, and the ADC digitizing a received analogsignal; an analog gain control (AGC) receive path component with aninput coupled to the received signal and an output coupled to the inputof the ADC, and a level of the AGC utilized to adjust the dynamic rangeof the analog portion of the receive path; and a range optimizercomponent coupled to the receive path, and responsive to the NEXT modelto adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of the receive path byinjecting a disturber signal into the receive path during a trainingphase of operation and by adjusting the AGC to substantially avoidclipping thereof.
 4. The XDSL communication system of claim 1, whereinthe at least one modem further comprises: an analog-to-digital converter(ADC) receive path component with an output coupled to remainingcomponents of the receive path, and an input, and the ADC digitizing areceived analog signal; an analog gain control (AGC) receive pathcomponent with an input coupled to the received signal and an outputcoupled to the input of the ADC, and a level of the AGC utilized toadjust the dynamic range of the analog portion of the receive path; anda range optimizer component coupled to the receive path, and responsiveto the NEXT model to adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of thereceive path by calculating the anticipated disturbance modeled in thedistributed NEXT model during a training phase of operation and byadjusting the AGC to substantially avoid clipping thereof.
 5. An XDSLmodem for provisioning XDSL multi-tone modulated communications over asubscriber line, and the modem comprising: a plurality of shared anddiscrete components forming a transmit path and a receive path formodulating and demodulating an XDSL communication channel; a near endcrosstalk (NEXT) model of anticipated disturbance from neighboringdisturber subscriber lines; a range optimizer component coupled to thereceive path, and responsive to the NEXT model to adjust a dynamic rangeof an analog portion of the receive path to accommodate the anticipateddisturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model, whereby the adjustedrange is large enough to substantially avoid clipping of a receivedsignal and at the same time not so large as to result in significantexcess dynamic range.
 6. The XDSL modem of claim 5, wherein the receivepath components of the at least one modem further comprise: ananalog-to-digital converter (ADC) with an output coupled to remainingcomponents of the receive path, and an input, and the ADC digitizing areceived analog signal; and an analog gain control (AGC) with an inputcoupled to the received signal and an output coupled to the input of theADC, and a level of the AGC utilized to adjust the dynamic range of theanalog portion of the receive path.
 7. The XDSL modem of claim 5,wherein the modem further comprises: an analog-to-digital converter(ADC) receive path component with an output coupled to remainingcomponents of the receive path, and an input, and the ADC digitizing areceived analog signal; an analog gain control (AGC) receive pathcomponent with an input coupled to the received signal and an outputcoupled to the input of the ADC, and a level of the AGC utilized toadjust the dynamic range of the analog portion of the receive path; anda range optimizer component coupled to the receive path, and responsiveto the NEXT model to adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of thereceive path by injecting a disturber signal into the receive pathduring a training phase of operation and by adjusting the AGC tosubstantially avoid clipping thereof.
 8. The XDSL modem of claim 5,wherein the modem further comprises: an analog-to-digital converter(ADC) receive path component with an output coupled to remainingcomponents of the receive path, and an input, and the ADC digitizing areceived analog signal; an analog gain control (AGC) receive pathcomponent with an input coupled to the received signal and an outputcoupled to the input of the ADC, and a level of the AGC utilized toadjust the dynamic range of the analog portion of the receive path; anda range optimizer component coupled to the receive path, and responsiveto the NEXT model to adjust a dynamic range of an analog portion of thereceive path by calculating the anticipated disturbance modeled in thedistributed NEXT model during a training phase of operation and byadjusting the AGC to substantially avoid clipping thereof.
 9. A methodfor operating an XDSL modem having shared and discrete componentsforming a transmit path and a receive path for multi-tone modulated XDSLcommunications, and the method comprising: obtaining a near endcrosstalk (NEXT) model of anticipated disturbance from neighboringdisturber subscriber lines; adjusting a dynamic range of an analogportion of the receive path to accommodate the anticipated disturbancemodeled in the distributed NEXT model, whereby the adjusted range islarge enough to substantially avoid clipping of a received signal and atthe same time not so large as to result in significant excess dynamicrange.
 10. The method for XDSL communication of claim 9, furthercomprising: adjusting a gain of the received signal to substantiallyavoid clipping of the received signal including the anticipateddisturbance thereto resulting from neighboring disturber subscriberlines.
 11. The method for XDSL communication of claim 9, furthercomprising: injecting a disturber signal into the receive path during atraining phase of operation; and adjusting a gain of the received signalto substantially avoid clipping thereof.
 12. The method for XDSLcommunication of claim 9, further comprising: calculating theanticipated disturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model during atraining phase of operation; and adjusting a gain of the received signalto substantially avoid clipping thereof.
 13. A means for operating anXDSL modem having shared and discrete components forming a transmit pathand a receive path for multi-tone modulated XDSL communications, and themethod comprising: means for obtaining a near end crosstalk (NEXT) modelof anticipated disturbance from neighboring disturber subscriber lines;means for adjusting a dynamic range of an analog portion of the receivepath to accommodate the anticipated disturbance modeled in thedistributed NEXT model, whereby the adjusted range is large enough tosubstantially avoid clipping of a received signal and at the same timenot so large as to result in significant excess dynamic range.
 14. Themeans for XDSL communication of claim 13, further comprising: means foradjusting a gain of the received signal to substantially avoid clippingof the received signal including the anticipated disturbance theretoresulting from neighboring disturber subscriber lines.
 15. The means forXDSL communication of claim 13, further comprising: means for injectinga disturber signal into the receive path during a training phase ofoperation; and means for adjusting a gain of the received signal tosubstantially avoid clipping thereof.
 16. The means for XDSLcommunication of claim 13, further comprising: means for calculating theanticipated disturbance modeled in the distributed NEXT model during atraining phase of operation; and means for adjusting a gain of thereceived signal to substantially avoid clipping thereof.